The history of professional wrestling is a story of thrilling fictional characters and twisted plots. Wrestlers are stuntmen with impressive skills including holds and throws, and acrobatic maneuvers. Winners are planned in advance but the story line promotes the illusion of reality. It's a male soap opera pitting good guys against bad guys. The battle rages on with no clear winner. In recent years female wrestlers have added to the excitement.
Detractors denounce the violence, the pretend fights, the glorification of cheating as a means of winning. Fans say it's a story. It's exciting. Fans are encouraged to participate with cheers and jeers. And unlike most "real" sports, there's no audience violence between supporters of opposing wrestlers.
Fights as entertainment were popular in 19th century Europe, and as sideshow exhibitions in North American carnivals and vaudeville halls. A traveling carnival strongman would encourage locals to fight him in the ring. Challengers rarely won against experienced fighters with a knowledge of hook holds. It didn't take long to realize that betting on the outcome was where the real money was.
In the late 1800's events were moved to arenas similar to boxing matches. There were many individual promoters and championship belts. The first association was the NWA, a loose organization of regional promoters, formed in 1901.
Matches became increasingly sophisticated in the 1920's This was the beginning of time limit matches, catch matches, tag teams, and signature moves. Tag teams developed the ruse of distracting the referee so they could cheat. Wrestlers signed long term contracts. Promoters developed more soap opera-like story lines.
The 1930's saw cutthroat competition as regional organizations competed for territory and talent. After World War II, the NWA grew in stature. Promoters agreed to regional territories with defined boundaries. There was an informal agreement to not lure talent away from competitors.
The rise of the television in the 40's and 50's saw a corresponding rise in popularity and revenue for promoters and wrestlers. It also marked the end of the gentlemen's agreements established by the NWA, and began a new era of competition. Vince McMahon, the CEO of WWF, was an aggressive and very successful businessman. He sought and signed lucrative TV deals and bought out most of his regional competitors. The WWF, renamed WWE in 2002, is currently the largest promoter in the U. S.
ECW wrestlers would attack each other with folding chairs and leap from the top rope to crash into tables. They were also the first to hold a ladder match. The company was eventually bought out by the WWF, and hardcore stunts went mainstream.
Prominent companies in business today are TNA, Combat Zone Wrestling, and Ring of Honor. In Mexico the top associations are Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre, and Asistencia Asesoria y Administracion. In Japan the top competitors are New Japan Pro Wrestling, All Japan Pro Wrestling, and Pro Wrestling Noah.
Today this billion dollar industry collects revenue from ticket sales, television broadcasts (network and pay-per-view), internet and web shows, branded merchandise, and home video. WWE attracts 13 million viewers and broadcasts event in 150 countries. This entertaining "sport" is especially popular in Japan, Central and North America, and Brazil. Popular wrestlers become cultural icons. The history of professional wrestling is a story still being written.
Detractors denounce the violence, the pretend fights, the glorification of cheating as a means of winning. Fans say it's a story. It's exciting. Fans are encouraged to participate with cheers and jeers. And unlike most "real" sports, there's no audience violence between supporters of opposing wrestlers.
Fights as entertainment were popular in 19th century Europe, and as sideshow exhibitions in North American carnivals and vaudeville halls. A traveling carnival strongman would encourage locals to fight him in the ring. Challengers rarely won against experienced fighters with a knowledge of hook holds. It didn't take long to realize that betting on the outcome was where the real money was.
In the late 1800's events were moved to arenas similar to boxing matches. There were many individual promoters and championship belts. The first association was the NWA, a loose organization of regional promoters, formed in 1901.
Matches became increasingly sophisticated in the 1920's This was the beginning of time limit matches, catch matches, tag teams, and signature moves. Tag teams developed the ruse of distracting the referee so they could cheat. Wrestlers signed long term contracts. Promoters developed more soap opera-like story lines.
The 1930's saw cutthroat competition as regional organizations competed for territory and talent. After World War II, the NWA grew in stature. Promoters agreed to regional territories with defined boundaries. There was an informal agreement to not lure talent away from competitors.
The rise of the television in the 40's and 50's saw a corresponding rise in popularity and revenue for promoters and wrestlers. It also marked the end of the gentlemen's agreements established by the NWA, and began a new era of competition. Vince McMahon, the CEO of WWF, was an aggressive and very successful businessman. He sought and signed lucrative TV deals and bought out most of his regional competitors. The WWF, renamed WWE in 2002, is currently the largest promoter in the U. S.
ECW wrestlers would attack each other with folding chairs and leap from the top rope to crash into tables. They were also the first to hold a ladder match. The company was eventually bought out by the WWF, and hardcore stunts went mainstream.
Prominent companies in business today are TNA, Combat Zone Wrestling, and Ring of Honor. In Mexico the top associations are Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre, and Asistencia Asesoria y Administracion. In Japan the top competitors are New Japan Pro Wrestling, All Japan Pro Wrestling, and Pro Wrestling Noah.
Today this billion dollar industry collects revenue from ticket sales, television broadcasts (network and pay-per-view), internet and web shows, branded merchandise, and home video. WWE attracts 13 million viewers and broadcasts event in 150 countries. This entertaining "sport" is especially popular in Japan, Central and North America, and Brazil. Popular wrestlers become cultural icons. The history of professional wrestling is a story still being written.
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